EBA MREL dashboard shows requirements range from 25% to 29% of RWAs

The European Banking Authority (EBA) published its latest semi-annual MREL dashboard, providing updates on resolution planning and resource utilization by banks across the European Union (EU). As of December 2025, bail-in remains the preferred resolution strategy in terms of risk-weighted assets (RWAs), with rollover needs reaching EUR 231 billion for instruments set to become ineligible over the next 12 months.

The dashboard covers data from 303 banks reported by resolution authorities and banks, including MREL decisions and resources.

Key findings

MREL requirements

As of 31 December 2025, the average external MREL requirement, including the combined buffer requirement (CBR), is:

• 28.9% of RWAs for global systemically important institutions (G-SIIs)
• 28.4% for top-tier and “fished” banks
• 24.6% for other banks

The average subordination requirement is 21.4% for G-SIIs and 21.7% for top-tier and fished banks.

Composition of MREL resources

Banks mainly meet requirements through own funds instruments, which account for:

• 19.8% of RWAs for G-SIIs
• 21.5% for top-tier and fished banks
• 21.9% for other banks

Regarding eligible liabilities, G-SIIs and top-tier/fished banks rely mainly on senior non-preferred debt (8.0% and 7.5% of RWAs, respectively) and senior unsecured debt (4.9% and 6.5% of RWAs, respectively). Other banks rely more on senior unsecured debt (6.3% of RWAs).

Rollover needs

MREL instruments set to become ineligible by December 2026, due to residual maturity falling below one year, represent:

• 15.7% of total eligible instruments for G-SIIs
• 20.9% for top-tier and fished banks
• 25.4% for other banks

This amounts to EUR 231 billion in rollover needs over the next year. Further details are available in the EBA Risk Assessment Report.

Bail-in remains the preferred resolution strategy in terms of RWAs (94%). In decision counts, bail-in (52%) and transfer (48%) strategies are balanced, with transfer strategies favored for smaller banks and bail-in for larger institutions.

The EBA publishes this dashboard under its mandate to monitor MREL setting and resource buildup, based on new semi-annual reporting standards introduced by the Implementing Technical Standards (ITS). The current data reflects decisions as of December 2025.

MREL ensures EU institutions have sufficient loss-absorbing capacity to support resolution strategies. The BRRD sets a deadline of 1 January 2024 for compliance, with some exceptions.

Further details are provided in the EBA report on supervisory practices convergence for 2024.